Bird Finder

Where to find Northern Cardinal in October
within 25 miles of Cary, NC, USA

This page shows which locations in the selected region historically had the highest probability of a checklist including Northern Cardinal in October. Because some locations may be undersampled, the results are sorted based on a confidence score which takes into account how many samples are available. The bar chart shows how the probability of observing this species varies over the year.

Back to the Top Birds list

Rank Map Pics Location Distance Observed Sampled Frequency Confidence
1 Brumley Nature Preserve--North 22.2 496 527 94.1% 91.8%
2 Prairie Ridge Ecostation for Wildlife Learning 3.9 233 254 91.7% 87.7%
3 Brian P's Yard (Private) 14.4 191 208 91.8% 87.3%
4 Rocky Branch Greenway 6.4 37 38 97.4% 86.5%
5 North Carolina Botanical Garden 16.0 92 99 92.9% 86.1%
6 Flat River Waterfowl Impoundment 23.4 72 77 93.5% 85.7%
7 Briar Chapel--Pokeberry Creek 18.2 143 157 91.1% 85.6%
8 Bass Lake Park & Trail 10.7 93 101 92.1% 85.1%
9 North Carolina Museum of Life and Science 17.8 31 32 96.9% 84.3%
10 Sandy Creek Park 16.1 334 380 87.9% 84.2%
11 Bond Park 2.7 153 171 89.5% 84.0%
12 Macedonia Lake/Speight Branch Greenway 3.5 20 20 100.0% 83.9%
13 Lake Lynn 7.7 418 480 87.1% 83.8%
14 Old Bynum Bridge 20.4 137 159 86.2% 79.9%
15 Mason Farm Biological Reserve 14.6 293 352 83.2% 79.0%
16 Carolina North--Tripp Farm Gate 19.7 28 30 93.3% 78.7%
17 American Tobacco Trail--New Hill-Olive Chapel Road Access 10.5 45 50 90.0% 78.6%
18 Bolin Creek--Community Park to MLK Blvd. 17.4 20 21 95.2% 77.3%
19 Penny's Bend Nature Preserve 20.0 20 21 95.2% 77.3%
20 17 Acre Woods 18.0 91 107 85.0% 77.1%
21 Duke University--Wetland Center 'SWAMP' 16.4 38 43 88.4% 75.5%
22 Yates Mill County Park 7.2 260 325 80.0% 75.3%
23 Schenck Forest 3.6 163 201 81.1% 75.1%
24 Butner Game Land--Brickhouse Rd. (Granville Co.) 21.9 23 25 92.0% 75.0%
25 Butner Game Land--Brickhouse Rd. (Durham Co.) 21.9 45 52 86.5% 74.7%
26 White Oak Creek Greenway--Wetland 6.1 17 18 94.4% 74.2%
27 Little Creek Waterfowl Impoundment 14.5 22 24 91.7% 74.2%
28 Eno River SP--Few's Ford 23.2 72 87 82.8% 73.5%
29 William B. Umstead SP--Big Lake 5.7 38 44 86.4% 73.3%
30 Neuse River Trail--Abbotts Creek 14.5 122 152 80.3% 73.2%
31 White Deer Park 11.6 21 23 91.3% 73.2%
32 Baileywick Road Park 10.2 10 10 100.0% 72.2%
33 UNC Chapel Hill--Coker Arboretum 17.2 32 37 86.5% 72.0%
34 Roland E. Horne Walking Trail 23.4 15 16 93.8% 71.7%
35 Rainbow Soccer Complex 16.2 35 41 85.4% 71.6%
36 Lake Johnson Park 4.2 131 168 78.0% 71.1%
37 Neuse River Trail--Anderson Point Park 13.5 19 21 90.5% 71.1%
38 Falls Lake--Mountains-to-Sea Trail Jimmy Rogers Road Access 15.2 19 21 90.5% 71.1%
39 Horseshoe Farm Nature Preserve 15.1 34 40 85.0% 70.9%
40 Brumley Nature Preserve--South 22.7 37 44 84.1% 70.6%
41 Apex Community Park 3.7 50 61 82.0% 70.5%
42 Wooten Meadow Park 6.8 9 9 100.0% 70.1%
43 Swift Creek Bluffs 5.3 36 43 83.7% 70.0%
44 E. Carroll Joyner Park 20.6 28 33 84.8% 69.1%
45 Whippoorwill Park & Warren Creek Trail 19.4 17 19 89.5% 68.6%
46 Lake Crabtree County Park 3.6 294 403 73.0% 68.4%
47 White Oak Creek Greenway--West Side 6.7 30 36 83.3% 68.1%
48 Eagle Spur Rail Trail--Stagecoach Rd. 11.9 20 23 87.0% 67.9%
49 Carroll Howard Johnson Environmental Education Park 15.6 8 8 100.0% 67.6%
50 Pritchard Park Nature Trail 17.3 15 17 88.2% 65.7%
51 Shelley Lake 8.1 59 78 75.6% 65.1%
52 Jordan Game Land--Transis Camp Rd. 12.6 26 32 81.2% 64.7%
53 Middle Creek Bottomlands II 24.9 11 12 91.7% 64.6%
54 Neuse River Trail--Mial Plantation Road 18.1 11 12 91.7% 64.6%
55 Lower Booker Creek Trail 17.0 20 24 83.3% 64.1%
56 University Lake, Chapel Hill 19.3 17 20 85.0% 64.0%
57 Sarah P. Duke Gardens 16.8 49 65 75.4% 63.7%
58 Hank Anderson Community Park 20.3 32 41 78.0% 63.3%
59 Third Fork Creek Trail 13.6 34 44 77.3% 63.0%
60 DO NOT USE--Historical Only for Brumley Nature Preserve 22.4 16 19 84.2% 62.4%
61 Johnston Mill Nature Preserve 20.5 21 26 80.8% 62.1%
62 North Carolina Museum of Art--Sculpture Garden 4.6 35 46 76.1% 62.1%
63 Lake Crabtree Nature Trail--Southport Entrance 3.3 71 100 71.0% 61.5%
64 Jordan Lake--NC Forest HQ (Model Plane Field) 14.1 25 32 78.1% 61.2%
65 Higgins Greenway 1.2 6 6 100.0% 61.0%
66 Beaver Creek Greenway 7.0 6 6 100.0% 61.0%
67 Eno River SP--Cole Mill/Pump Station 21.6 29 38 76.3% 60.8%
68 Lake Benson 11.9 22 28 78.6% 60.5%
69 Falls Lake--Ellerbe Creek RR Grade 19.0 84 122 68.9% 60.2%
70 Ritter Park 4.3 12 14 85.7% 60.1%
71 J.C. Raulston Arboretum 4.6 12 14 85.7% 60.1%
72 Fred Fletcher Park 7.4 26 34 76.5% 60.0%
73 Morgan Creek Trail 17.5 19 24 79.2% 59.5%
74 Crabtree Creek Wetland--West of Raleigh Blvd. 9.8 47 66 71.2% 59.4%
75 Lower Haw SNA--Bynum 20.3 14 17 82.4% 59.0%
76 Lake Betz 7.3 102 153 66.7% 58.9%
77 Williamson Preserve 19.2 16 20 80.0% 58.4%
78 Merritt's Pasture 16.9 11 13 84.6% 57.8%
79 Durant Nature Preserve 13.3 61 91 67.0% 56.9%
80 Prairie Ridge Ecostation--Bird Feeders 3.9 5 5 100.0% 56.6%
81 Bolin Creek--Umstead Park 18.1 5 5 100.0% 56.6%
82 American Tobacco Trail--Massey Chapel Road 12.0 5 5 100.0% 56.6%
83 Wendell Park 22.6 8 9 88.9% 56.5%
84 Lake Raleigh 6.0 42 61 68.9% 56.4%
85 Walnut Creek Wetland Center 9.0 10 12 83.3% 55.2%
86 Homestead Park 19.3 10 12 83.3% 55.2%
87 Turnipseed Preserve 20.5 10 12 83.3% 55.2%
88 Lake Crabtree Dam 3.3 92 146 63.0% 54.9%
89 Symphony Lake Greenway 4.4 30 43 69.8% 54.9%
90 Horton Grove Nature Preserve 24.6 21 29 72.4% 54.3%
91 Jordan Lake--Educational State Forest 14.7 35 52 67.3% 53.8%
92 Falls Lake--Olive Grove Church Rd. 17.1 7 8 87.5% 52.9%
93 Neuse River Trail (Historic only. Use more specific location.) 13.5 7 8 87.5% 52.9%
94 Indian Trail Park 18.1 9 11 81.8% 52.3%
95 North Carolina Museum of Art--Pond 4.7 19 27 70.4% 51.5%
96 Glennstone/Heron Rookery 18.4 4 4 100.0% 51.0%
97 Eno River SP--Cabe Lands Access 20.8 4 4 100.0% 51.0%
98 Eastgate Park 9.5 4 4 100.0% 51.0%
99 Little Creek Trail 15.3 4 4 100.0% 51.0%
100 Clayton Riverwalk--County Line to Sam's Branch Greenway 21.1 4 4 100.0% 51.0%
101 Martin Luther King Jr Park 19.7 4 4 100.0% 51.0%
102 Robertson Creek Nature Preserve 23.8 4 4 100.0% 51.0%
103 Jordan Lake SRA--Ebenezer Point 15.0 352 647 54.4% 50.6%
104 Falls Lake--Dam 15.2 12 16 75.0% 50.5%
105 Maple View Farm (Birding From Roads Only) 24.1 61 104 58.7% 49.0%
106 Eno River SP--Pleasant Green 21.9 6 7 85.7% 48.7%
107 Knap of Reeds Creek Waterfowl Impoundment 23.9 6 7 85.7% 48.7%
108 Blackwood Farm Park 22.9 6 7 85.7% 48.7%
109 Town Lake Park 23.4 21 32 65.6% 48.3%
110 Falls Lake--Will Suitt Mudflats 18.8 9 12 75.0% 46.8%
111 South Ellerbe Creek Trail 16.4 9 12 75.0% 46.8%
112 Duke University--Reclamation Pond 17.3 21 33 63.6% 46.6%
113 Harris Lake County Park 14.0 38 65 58.5% 46.3%
114 Patterson Place Constructed Wetland 16.0 25 41 61.0% 45.7%
115 Lake Wheeler marshes 6.9 78 145 53.8% 45.7%
116 Falls Lake--Will Suitt Rd. RR Grade 20.0 10 14 71.4% 45.4%
117 stakeout Varied Thrush, Cary (2020) 1.5 10 14 71.4% 45.4%
118 Walnut Creek Trail--Wetland Center 9.0 7 9 77.8% 45.3%
119 William B. Umstead SP 5.4 15 23 65.2% 44.9%
120 AIHF Trail 8300 Health Park 10.0 11 16 68.8% 44.4%
121 Jordan Game Land--(751 bridge) White Oak Creek 10.3 3 3 100.0% 43.8%
122 Hoffman Lake 2.4 3 3 100.0% 43.8%
123 Falls Lake--Mountains-to-Sea Trail South of Cheek Rd. 17.4 3 3 100.0% 43.8%
124 Butner Game Land--H Street Fields 23.2 3 3 100.0% 43.8%
125 Neuse River Trail--Auburn Knightdale Road 15.6 3 3 100.0% 43.8%
126 Park West Village Greenway 2.4 3 3 100.0% 43.8%
127 Mid Pines Rd. 6.7 180 369 48.8% 43.7%
128 Southern Community Park--Fan Branch Trail 17.1 5 6 83.3% 43.6%
129 Pierce Woods and Pond 15.9 5 6 83.3% 43.6%
130 Barksdale Drive Greenway 9.9 8 11 72.7% 43.4%
131 Raven Rock SP 23.9 15 24 62.5% 42.7%
132 Wilkerson Nature Preserve Park 13.6 17 28 60.7% 42.4%
133 Falls Lake--Rolling View 16.1 35 66 53.0% 41.2%
134 White Pines Nature Preserve 24.5 12 19 63.2% 41.0%
135 Bolin Creek--Adams and Craig Tracts 18.8 6 8 75.0% 40.9%
136 East Fork Mine Creek Trail (Bent Creek) 9.4 6 8 75.0% 40.9%
137 Discovery Lake (Restricted Access) 8.2 16 27 59.3% 40.7%
138 Hilltop Needmore Park--North 11.1 7 10 70.0% 39.7%
139 Brookhaven Nature Park 6.7 8 12 66.7% 39.1%
140 North Wake Landfill Park (formerly North Wake Sanitary Landfill) 14.1 11 18 61.1% 38.6%
141 Jordan Game Land--Farrington Point Boating Access 13.1 21 39 53.8% 38.6%
142 Hemlock Bluffs Nature Preserve 4.6 18 33 54.5% 38.0%
143 Blue Jay Point County Park 14.5 27 53 50.9% 37.9%
144 New Hope Bottomlands 15.5 4 5 80.0% 37.6%
145 Duke Forest--Gate 10 19.3 4 5 80.0% 37.6%
146 Chapel Hill Community Park 16.9 4 5 80.0% 37.6%
147 Indian Creek Greenway 3.5 4 5 80.0% 37.6%
148 Horseshoe Road Nature Preserve 22.1 4 5 80.0% 37.6%
149 Jordan Lake--New Hope Creek arm (Chatham Co) 12.0 24 47 51.1% 37.2%
150 Duke Forest--Korstian Division 19.6 5 7 71.4% 35.9%
151 Jordan Game Land--(Big Woods Rd. Bridge) Bush Creek 14.8 5 7 71.4% 35.9%
152 Crowder District Park 6.8 5 7 71.4% 35.9%
153 Carrboro High School 18.4 5 7 71.4% 35.9%
154 Jordan Lake--B. Everett Jordan Dam 18.7 23 47 48.9% 35.3%
155 Stagecoach Road Waterfowl Impoundment 12.2 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
156 Falls Lake--Upper Beaverdam Reservoir 19.0 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
157 Neuse River Trail--Mingo Bridge 13.6 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
158 Jordan Game Land--Cub Creek 13.7 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
159 Lassiter Mill Historical Park 7.7 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
160 Jordan Game Land--Bells Church Fishing Access 12.9 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
161 Shiloh Greenway 5.1 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
162 Neuse River Trail--Myakka Court 15.1 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
163 American Tobacco Trail--Blackwell Street Trailhead 15.4 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
164 Neuse River Trail--Old Falls of Neuse 15.1 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
165 Main Street Park (Rolesville) 20.1 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
166 stakeout Black-chinned Hummingbird, Chapel Hill (2019) 18.4 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
167 Crabtree Creek Trail--Anderson Drive to Lassiter Mill Road 8.3 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
168 Fox Road School Park and Marsh Overlook (Access ONLY after 6 pm on school days, and daylight hours on holidays and weekends) 13.8 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
169 Cates Creek Park 25.0 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
170 Lyon Park 15.6 2 2 100.0% 34.2%
171 Jordan Lake--Historical Data Only 15.3 18 37 48.6% 33.4%
172 UNC Chapel Hill--Battle Park 16.9 7 12 58.3% 32.0%
173 Duke Forest--Hollow Rock & Hollow Rock Nature Park 17.9 7 12 58.3% 32.0%
174 Chatham Co. Northeast District Park 14.1 6 10 60.0% 31.3%
175 Forest Ridge Park 16.5 6 10 60.0% 31.3%
176 William B. Umstead SP--Reedy Creek Lake 3.8 3 4 75.0% 30.1%
177 Ephesus Park--Chapel Hill 16.3 3 4 75.0% 30.1%
178 Clemmons Educational State Forest 18.0 3 4 75.0% 30.1%
179 Apex Nature Park 8.6 3 4 75.0% 30.1%
180 Mount Hope Cemetery 7.8 3 4 75.0% 30.1%
181 Piedmont Nature Trail 15.9 3 4 75.0% 30.1%
182 Honeycutt Road Park 14.6 3 4 75.0% 30.1%
183 Carpenter Park 5.1 4 6 66.7% 30.0%
184 Horace Williams Tract 19.1 10 20 50.0% 29.9%
185 Mary Hayes Barber Holmes Park 22.3 30 76 39.5% 29.2%
186 Jordan Lake SRA--Vista Point 16.1 6 11 54.5% 28.0%
187 Fearrington Village 17.5 8 16 50.0% 28.0%
188 Salem Pond Park 4.5 4 7 57.1% 25.0%
189 Orange County Sportsplex Pond 24.9 4 7 57.1% 25.0%
190 Beaver Marsh 16.7 51 161 31.7% 25.0%
191 Jordan Lake SRA--Seaforth 14.9 9 21 42.9% 24.5%
192 Lake Wheeler 8.2 8 19 42.1% 23.1%
193 Jordan Lake SRA--Parker's Creek 15.0 3 5 60.0% 23.1%
194 Lick Creek Waterfowl Impoundment 13.2 3 5 60.0% 23.1%
195 Jordan Game Land--Audubon Platform 12.3 11 29 37.9% 22.7%
196 Jordan Game Land---(751 bridge) Northeast Creek 10.6 9 23 39.1% 22.2%
197 Pullen Park 6.6 4 8 50.0% 21.5%
198 Brier Creek Reservoir 5.9 6 14 42.9% 21.4%
199 Jordan Game Land--Mason Point Peninsula 12.1 2 3 66.7% 20.8%
200 American Tobacco Trail--Wimberly Road Access 8.1 2 3 66.7% 20.8%
201 RTP Mountain Bike Trails 7.2 2 3 66.7% 20.8%
202 Mitchell Mill Natural Area 23.7 2 3 66.7% 20.8%
203 Action Park 13.9 2 3 66.7% 20.8%
204 Jordan Game Land--Lower Little Creek 13.2 2 3 66.7% 20.8%
205 Jordan Lake SRA--Ebenezer Church Boat Ramp 14.8 8 21 38.1% 20.8%
206 Duke Forest Rd. 20.7 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
207 Jordan Game Land--(Hortons Pond Rd.) Mill Branch 11.6 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
208 Kildaire Farms Lake 2.3 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
209 Mill Bridge Nature Park 19.4 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
210 Harris Game Land--Lower Boat Ramp 18.6 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
211 Cedar Falls Park 18.2 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
212 Fallon park 8.1 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
213 Bass Lake Outfall Greenway 11.0 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
214 Mingo Creek Trail 15.1 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
215 Procter Farm Preserve 22.4 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
216 American Tobacco Trail--Woodcroft 12.3 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
217 American Tobacco Trail--Southpoint Crossing 12.0 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
218 Hymettus Woods Park 5.9 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
219 American Tobacco Trail--Southpoint Mall 12.2 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
220 Neuse River Trail--Buffalo Road Canoe Launch 14.6 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
221 Neuse River Trail--Thornton Road 15.5 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
222 Shaw Lake 9.9 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
223 Knightdale Station Park 17.3 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
224 Eno River SP--Continental Drive Access 21.6 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
225 Crabtree Creek Greenway--Atlantic Ave to Anderson Drive 8.6 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
226 Jordan Game Land--Seaforth Road South End 17.3 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
227 Capital Hills Drive Wetlands 13.9 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
228 Smith Creek Greenway (Entrance on Creek Moss Avenue) 16.2 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
229 Raven Rock SP--Avents Creek Access Area 22.3 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
230 East End Park 15.4 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
231 Dorothea Dix Park 6.9 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
232 North Carolina Museum of Art--Goodnight Park 4.4 1 1 100.0% 20.7%
233 Crabtree Creek Watershed 4.7 7 18 38.9% 20.3%
234 New Hope Waterfowl Impoundment 13.8 5 12 41.7% 19.3%
235 West Point on the Eno Park 20.5 3 6 50.0% 18.8%
236 Cape Fear River--Buckhorn Road 20.9 3 6 50.0% 18.8%
237 Falls Lake--Hickory Hill Boat Ramp 18.4 11 35 31.4% 18.6%
238 Parker Preserve 15.5 5 13 38.5% 17.7%
239 Jordan Lake--Morgan Creek arm (seasonal mudflats) 12.6 4 10 40.0% 16.8%
240 Falls Lake--Hwy. 50 Boat Ramp 16.8 3 7 42.9% 15.8%
241 Duke University--Chapel Woods 17.1 3 7 42.9% 15.8%
242 North Carolina State University Campus 6.2 17 71 23.9% 15.5%
243 Edna Metz Wells Park 7.1 5 15 33.3% 15.2%
244 Lower Haw SNA--Hwy. 64 18.7 2 4 50.0% 15.0%
245 Falls Lake--Cheek Road Causeway (Durham Co.) 17.7 2 4 50.0% 15.0%
246 Jordan Lake SRA--Poplar Point 14.2 2 4 50.0% 15.0%
247 Shearon Harris Visitor's Center 12.7 2 4 50.0% 15.0%
248 Jordan Lake--Farrington Point Rd Causeway 12.9 9 36 25.0% 13.8%
249 Falls Lake--Beaverdam Reservoir 18.0 3 8 37.5% 13.7%
250 Harris Game Land--Upper Boat Ramp 15.5 10 44 22.7% 12.8%
251 Haw River--Bynum Dam 20.5 2 5 40.0% 11.8%
252 Laurel Hill Park 5.4 3 10 30.0% 10.8%
253 UNC Chapel Hill--Battle Grove 17.1 4 16 25.0% 10.2%
254 Dorothea Dix 6.6 4 16 25.0% 10.2%
255 Jordan Game Land--Rock Quarry Public Fishing Area 13.8 2 6 33.3% 9.7%
256 Crabtree Creek Greenway--Capital Blvd to Atlantic Ave 9.6 1 2 50.0% 9.5%
257 Poplar Point Wastewater Ponds (Restricted Access) 13.8 1 2 50.0% 9.5%
258 Leigh Farm Park 14.5 1 2 50.0% 9.5%
259 Historic Oak View Park 11.8 1 2 50.0% 9.5%
260 Duke Park 16.6 1 2 50.0% 9.5%
261 Forest Hills Park 15.0 1 2 50.0% 9.5%
262 Jaycee Park 6.6 1 2 50.0% 9.5%
263 American Tobacco Trail--Olive Chapel Road Access 9.5 1 2 50.0% 9.5%
264 Northgate Park 17.2 2 7 28.6% 8.2%
265 Jordan Lake--Marthas Chapel Pulloff 12.6 2 7 28.6% 8.2%
266 Inwood Rd. 7.3 6 37 16.2% 7.7%
267 Duke University--East Campus 16.6 2 9 22.2% 6.3%
268 Jordan Game Land--(Lystra Rd. Bridge) Overcup Creek 14.0 1 3 33.3% 6.1%
269 Duke Forest--Gate 12 19.9 1 3 33.3% 6.1%
270 Strickland Park 8.9 1 3 33.3% 6.1%
271 Historic Oakwood Cemetery 8.7 1 3 33.3% 6.1%
272 Morrisville Community Park 3.9 1 3 33.3% 6.1%
273 Jordan Lake--Crosswinds Marina 13.2 4 27 14.8% 5.9%
274 Jordan Lake SRA--New Hope Overlook 16.7 2 11 18.2% 5.1%
275 Pinehurst Drive Ponds 15.6 2 13 15.4% 4.3%
276 Falls Lake 15.1 2 15 13.3% 3.7%
277 Falls Lake--Sandling Beach 17.5 2 15 13.3% 3.7%
278 NCSU Experimental Farm 7.1 1 5 20.0% 3.6%
279 Falls Lake--Rollingview Marina 15.5 1 5 20.0% 3.6%
280 Raleigh-Durham Airport Observation Deck 6.4 1 6 16.7% 3.0%
281 Wake Forest Reservoir 20.5 1 6 16.7% 3.0%
282 Chimney Swift Roost--Downtown Raleigh 7.9 1 7 14.3% 2.6%
283 Chandler's Swamp 16.9 1 8 12.5% 2.2%